Pierre Bourdieu is a theologian, a political theologian. One of the important, but hidden, source of his work is the classic work The King’s Two Bodies: A Study in Mediaeval Political Theolog y. While constructing one of the most influential social theories of the 20th century the French scholar draws handfuls of religious metaphors and concepts. These are not merely rhetorical ornaments; they are the essence of his thinking. We ought to treat seriously Bourdieu’s declaration that he is a Pascalian. There is a profound reason why the anti-cleric and atheist declares himself in favor of the greatest Christian apologist. This is because he shares Pascal’s vision with one important reservation. The Deus absconditus of Pascal, who is supposed to free us from the wretchedness of the world, is challenged while the qualities of God as the omnipotent creator and lawgiver are transferred to the State and science. In this way the State becomes reminiscent of the Gnostic demiurge, an evil God. Since Bourdieu does not believe in religious paths of emancipation from the power of the State, emancipation in itself become questionable. However, the French sociologist finds two risky ways out: knowledge and love. Emancipation begins with a withdrawal from the world, from changing oneself, which is the pre-condition for all changes. Humility and ascesis lead one along the path toward scientific conversion; the path of love leads through antinomic practices. This corresponds to two versions of Gnosticism: ascetic and libertine. In the end Bourdieu himself succumbed to the power of the State and paradoxically ended up on the same side as Carl Schmitt.